Scientists in Malaysia have conducted a techno-economic research research on a green tank system for a ferry that runs between islands in their home country. With the help of 40,000 solar panels they were able to feed two round trips a day. Annual CO₂ reduction was measured at 23.75 million kg.
A research team led by scientists from Universiti Malaysia Pahang al-Sultan Abdullah of Malaysia has simulated a techno-economic research study and carried out a system that uses a case Study, they have the 250-passenger spring that goes from Terengganu in Malaysia to Redang Island.
“This is the first extensive study to assess the feasibility of using offshore floating solar energy to produce hydrogen for short-distance spring boat activities in Southeast Asia,” said Sudhakar Kumarasamy, the corresponding author, said PV -Magazine. “Although offshore-renewable energy sources and electrophuels are individually investigated, this research offers uniquely an extensive techno-economic environments framework that covers the entire value chain of offshore solar energy generation, desert of seawater, hydrogen electrical, liquidation, and and and and and and and and and and and and floating.
The simulation of the system was mainly performed on PVGIS24. It included a 20 MW floating PV plant, consisting of 40,000 solar panels, each rated at 500 W. They are placed on a 10° Tilt corner and orientation on the south. It uses a lithium-ion battery storage system of 12 V and 100-200 Ah per unit. It nourishes a sea water depressing unit that is entered in a PEM electrolyzer to create hydrogen. The hydrogen is stored in type III cylinders and the bunning station uses transfer to the coast. The bunning infrastructure requires 260 kW for a daily capacity of 500 kg.
Image: Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al Sultan Abdullah, Energy Conversion and Management: X, CC by 4.0
The Redang Island, where the simulation was performed, has a tropical climate with a temperature of 27 ° C to 29 ° C and humidity from 74% to 86%.
Solar radiation is 5.003 kWh/m² per day, with an average wind speed of 10 km/h and a rainfall of 2,600 mm per year. The capital costs were estimated at RM 4-5 million ($ 950,600- $ 1.2 million) per MW floating solar sun, RM 3-4 million per MW PEM, RM 1-1.5 million per tonne of hydrogen storage, RM 250,000-400,000 per MW of the RM 8-12 million. The discount rate was assumed at 6% and the life of the project is 21 years old.
“The study shows that a 20 MW offshore floating solar system can generate approximately 637,619 MWh of solar electricity, annual CO₂ reduction of 23.75 million kg and about 12,892 tonnes of hydrogen during his life,” Kumarasamy added. “The hydrogen production closely mirrors solar irradiance patterns, with peak production during April-May (around 58,000 kg/month) and significant drops in December (35,665 kg/month) – a variation of about 60%. The volume reduction from gaseous hydrogen (up to 24,000 m³) to liquefied hydrogen (Around 850 m³ PEAK) – Roughly A 96% Volume Reduction – Demonstrates The Critical Importance of Liquefaction for Practical Maritime Storage ”
Moreover, the results indicated that the system can support approximately two returns per day. It results in a level of energy costs (LCOE) of RM 0.276/kWh and a level of hydrogen of RM 13.64/kg. “That is higher than conventional fuels-but still competing in view of the lifelong emission reductions and benefits for energy density of e-hydrogen and within the projected global benchmarks that have been established by the International Energy Agency (IEA) for Green Hydrogen,” concluded Kumarasamy.
The results appeared in “Offshore floating solar energy with electrophuels for refueling small ferries: a techno-economic environment test“Published in Energy conversion and management: X. Researchers from Universiti Malaysia Pahang al-Sultan Abdullah, the ICFGS Foundation of Malaysia, participated in the study in the study.
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