The Spanish minister of the ecological transition, Sara Aagesen, has presented an official report on the Blackout of 28 April. She also announced 11 measures to strengthen the stability of the grid and to prevent future incidents.
Sara Aagesen, the Spanish Minister of Ecological Transition, has presented a report on the electricity crisis of 28 April, whereby a multifactorial origin has been identified.
She said that three main factors pushed the system beyond a “point of no return”: insufficient voltage control capacity, fluctuations as a result of system restrictions and decuptions of generation that she described as “apparently inappropriate”.
In other words, the tension was not regulated due to poor planning by the system operator and different generators could not be as required.
Aagesen described various deviations in the electrical system on April 27 and the morning of the Blackout. “There was instability from nine in the morning,” she said, adding that “different calls were made of the control centers.”
But on the day of the incident, she explained, the malfunction was activated by “a phenomenon of spans, a chain reaction and decoping generation that in turn caused further broken connections.”
Tension
On the one hand, the system missed sufficient dynamic voltage scheme.
“The generation units that should have had a regulated tension did not absorb all the reactive force that was expected in a context of high voltages,” she said, referring to synchronous generation companies – nuclear and hydro -electric – and combined cycles plants that were not taken as expected and to the tension.
“The thermal generation units that the tension should have checked, and that are financially compensated for this, did not absorb the power,” noted the Spanish PV association UNEF. “All reactive power that was expected in a context of high tensions.”
The second factor included system scillations. The operator applied corrective measures, but those actions increased the system stress.
Aagesen said that raster operator Red Elétrica de España (roe) “had sufficient generation capacity to respond.” “But the operator of the electricity system has not planned the day for all generation needed to arrange a span episode.”
Thirdly, generators disconnected as persistent high voltage before the Black -Oout caused safety travel. At 12:33 pm (CEST), different generating factories stumbled from the acceptable working range, Aagesen said.
Missing data
The minister said she regretted that the report did not contain all requested information from the parties involved. Eto-E earlier marked this shortage in a letter to her.
She also announced a Royal Decree -Law package of 11 measures to regulate the voltage -eight related to system processing and three to strengthen cyber security.
“There is no proof of a cyber attack,” she explained. “However, vulnerabilities have been identified that can expose networks or systems to possible future risks … This report must be interpreted as an analytical tool and especially as a tool for action. A possibility to strengthen what works and assess what can be improved.”
UNEF noted that photovoltaic technology can control all the tension, but current regulations prevent their use for that purpose.
“From the photovoltaic sector we value the announcement of Minister Sara Aagessen positively that the approval of the operation 7.4 procedure will be accelerated, so that photovoltaic technology can contribute to controlling the schedule,” said the Spanish PV association. “It is also time to accelerate the implementation of other available technologies and are crucial for maintaining stable voltage levels, managing variability and guaranteeing energy breach on the basis of renewable energy, such as grid -forming inverters (in anticipation of approval by European regulations).”
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