Researchers in Qatar have used an algorithm that depends on a variant of the popular logic -based puzzle to determine the optimum way to eliminate cluster bolts. They have tested the new approach under fixed and moving shadows.
An international research team has proposed a new reconfiguration technique for PV arroys that operate under fixed and moving shadows.
The proposed approach uses an Asterisk Sudoku method to determine the optimum way to connect the panels in the array, eliminating cluster shadow, the considerably reduction of mismatch loss and circumventing dependence.
“Asterisk Sudoku is a variant of the popular logic-based puzzle that introduces a unique limitation: a set of nine cells arranged in an Asterisk pattern must contain the figures 1 to 9 without repetition,” the team explained. “The asterisk cells interact with rows, columns and subgrids, which adds another layer of logical complexity. The distribution and the number of instructions influence the interconnection schedule, which is used to improve the electrical behavior of the PV Array, reducing the non -reaching losses and increasing the power.”
The scientists used the algorithm to re-configure a 9 x 9 PV array, divided into 3 x 3 blocks, arranged in a T-shaped pattern. Those grouped T-blocks were identified as shaded or not, and the algorithm reared them in a way that she spreads evenly in rows and columns. In practice, the different blocks are then again wired in the array.
De voorgestelde methode werd vervolgens gecontroleerd in MATLAB Simulink, waarbij de 9 × 9 -array werd gesimuleerd met een paneelcapaciteit van 400,32 W. Belangrijkste prestatiematrieken, inclusief IV- en PV -kenmerken, werden geanalyseerd onder vier schaduwpatronen, namelijk kort kort (SW), Long Wide (LW), Short Smal (SN) en Long Smal (LN).
The optimum setup was checked under both fixed and moving shadows. Furthermore, it was also compared to other redesigning methods, including the Dominance Square (DS), total Cross-Tied (TCT), Killer Sudoku (KSDK) and the chess knight.
Image: Hamad bin Khalifa University, Renewable Energy, CC by 4.0
“The proposed method showed a significant improvement, with a maximum power gain of 1,339.74 W in SW and an increase of 397.87 W in LW compared to the KSDK scheme,” the academics emphasized. “This approach redistributes shadow effects, balancing of driving and column flows to minimize energy losses and to improve efficiency. The method maintains a higher filling factor and stable power, making it ideal for real-time PV-Array-Heronfiguration.”
In addition, the group validated its simulation results with the help of an experimental setup, which was set up in Doha for two consecutive September. Worldwide horizontal radiation (GHI) peaked at 900 W/m², while the temperature reached a maximum of 43 C. They used a 3 × 3 PV -Array, consisting of 240 W polycrystalline modules and used Gerextile materials to replicate theoretical shadow patterns.
The experimental validation confirmed the effectiveness of the new methodology in softening mismatch losses and maximizing the energy yield under partial shadow.
“In addition, the improved spatial redistribution of shaded modules effectively reduces cluster shadow effects, reducing mismatch losses without requiring extra hardware or complex controls,” concluded the group. “These results show that the T-swap method based on Asterisk Sudoku not only optimizes the ability and efficiency under partial shadow, but also a superior annual energy efficiency and economic returns, which confirms robustness and scalability for dynamic PV-Array reconfiguration.”
The findings were presented in “Performance analysis of a new PV -Array -Herconfiguration approach: simulations and outdoor experiments under fixed and moving shadows“Published in Renewable energy. The study was conducted by researchers from Hamad Bin Khalifa University in Qatar and the Pohang University of Science and Technology in South Korea.
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