Scientists in India have designed a system that uses PV panels, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, battery storage and a super capacitor. It is also based on an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems based MPPT that is reportedly achieved an efficiency of 98.7%.
A research team led by scientists from India has developed a new “Smart” Electric Vehicle (EV) system that uses PV panels, a proton abnormality membrane (PEM) fuel cell, battery storage and a supercapacitor. In the core of the system is a Z-Source-integrated boost converter with an adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference system (Anfis) Based Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT)-Algorithm.
“In contrast to conventional PV-all or hybrid systems, this approach combines intelligent control with Multi-Source energy management to guarantee efficient, stable and reliable power output for SMART EV charging applications,” said the corresponding author Suresh Vendoti PV -Magazine. “In our future work we will expand the concept to DC-Microgrids based on renewable energy with vehicle-to-grid (V2G) capacity, which makes smarter integration of EVs into the energy ecosystem possible.”
The system was simulated using MatLab/Simulink 2021A. It included two 50 KW fast loading units, a PV system with peak power of 186 kW, a lead acid battery (BAT) and a hydrogen-based energy storage system (ESS). The hydrogen –ess includes a production system of 176 kVA, six 66 kW of fuel cell (FC) modules and a hydrogen tank of 450 kg.
The system
The system is integrated using Z-Source Converters (ZSCs), where an impedance network connects the PV system, the bat and the grid. The design of the ZSC comprises two synchronously controlled switches, an input period, a starting period and a condenser, and works in continuous conductive mode (CCM) or discontinuous conductive mode (DCM).
“An anfis-based MPPT method is proposed to optimize the output of the solar panel under different weather conditions. It uses PV voltage, electricity and temperature as input variables, whereby the Duty cycle to arrange a DC-DC Boost Landsman Converter for maximum power tracking,” explained the Academic. “With sufficient training periods, Anfis optimizes the MPPT performance by refining fuzzy rules and minimizing errors, making it ready for real-time control applications.”
That system was verified with a lab scale prototype, using FC with an output voltage of 100 V and an output current of 30-40 A; a DC-DC convertor with an output voltage of 1,000-1,100 V and an output stream of 30 A; And a battery with 120 V voltage. The error between the simulation and the prototype varied between 0.8% and 3%, depending on the parameter.
Performance
“Simulation results show an effective voltage reinforcement from 110 V to 150 V and a regulated output of approximately 1100 V at 30 A, with the PV-Zijstroom stabilized on 500 A. The fuel cell maintains a steady output of 110 V while the power preserves a 60 a to 25 a, and the battery a, and the battery a, and the battery a, and the battery a, and the battery a, and the) and the battery a, and the battery A, and the) and the battery a, and the) and the battery a) and the battery a) and the battery a) and the battery a) and the battery A, and the battery a) and the battery A. A. V-output ”, the results showed. “The hardware prototype, developed using a DSPIC301 -MicroController, achieves a MPPT -Efficiency of 98.7%, voltage control within ± 1.5%, and outputs abide under 2%. Grid voltage and current wave shapes low total harmonic distortion of iee -standing) in the gem. 500 V and 13 A, respectively. “
In conclusion, Vendoti said that “the most striking result was the significant improvement in following efficiency and dynamic performance of the Anfis-based MPPT under fluctuating solar radiation compared to conventional MPPT algorithms. Moreover, it turned out that the hybrid configuration was able to be grid-stability”
The details of the system can be found in “Grid tied the hybrid PV fuel cell system with energy storage and anfis -based MPPT for Smart EV -chargers, ”” Published in Scientific reports. Researchers of the India’s Godavari Global University, St. Ann’s College of Engineering and Technology, GMR Institute of Technology, New Horizon College of Engineering, MLR Institute of Technology, Thailand’s Shinatra University, Saudi -Arabia Taif University and Ethiopia’s.
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